Commutator-short-circuiting device.



G. SHRENO.

QOMMUTATOR SHORT GIROUITING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 5, 1909.

1,007,893, Patented N0 v.7,1911

CHARLES-STOWE RENO, O13 CINCINNATI, OHIO.

COMM UTAlfi-SHORT-CIRGUITING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. '7, 1911.

Application filed November 5, 1909. Serial No. 526,339.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES Srown RE) 0, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Commutator-Short-Circiiiting Devices, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, andexact specification.

This invention relates to means for electrically connecting togethersegments of the commutator of a dynamo electric machine.

, As is well known to persons skilled in the art, motors operated bysingle phase alternating currents will not start from rest whenconnected to operate as induction or synchronous motors. For this reasonsingle phase alternating current motors are trequentlyv supplied witheommutators, where by the motor can be made to operate as a commutatortype motor in starting, while when the motor has been brought up toapproximate speed the conductors connected with the commutator havetheir circuits locally closed, or short circuited, by connectingtogether segments of the commutator, or otherwise, so that the motor mayoperate as an induction motor.

Various devices have been provided which are adapted to locally close,or short circuit, the windings connected to the commutator when acertain speed has been reached, and it is the general object of thepresent invention to provide improved apparatus of the characterdescribed.

Specific objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The invention can be best described in connection with the accompanyingdrawings which illustrate the invention and of whichv Figure 1 is a viewshowing in longitudinal section a eon'imutator and the improvedconnee-tine means mounted upon an armature or rotor shaft- Inasmuch asthe parts are symmetrical about. the shaft, but onc-half ol' theconnnutator structure and connecting means is shown. In this figure theconnecting means is shown in position wherein the segments of thecommutator are not. con-. nected. 2 is a. View like Fig. 1, except thatthe connecting means is shown in position wherein the segmentsoi' thecommuta- ,tor are connected. Fig". 3 is an elevation, looking in thedirection oi the arrow in Fig. 1, ot' a segment ot the tumbler carriagesome shaft 1. .each other and from the clamping rings 3 a set screw 7.:upon the collar (i is a tumbler carriage 8,

carriageand the collar 6.

of the tumblers being shown in. posit-ion and v of those shown. some arein end view and others in section, it being understood that the carriageis circular. and symn'ietrieal about the shaft. Fig. 4 is a side view ofa tumbler, and Fig. 5 is an end view thereof.

Referring to the drawings, upon the armature or rotor shaft 1 is mounteda commutator which comprises.conducting contacts or segments andsupporting: and clamping means therefor. These segments, as 2, arearranged side by side in a well known manner so as to form a cylinderabout the The segments are insulated from and 4, these rings being drawntogether by 'screws or bolts 5, so as to clamp the segments together ina well known manner. It will be ui'iderstood that upon the shaft 1 ismounted suitable armature winding which may be connected with thecommutator segments 0 in any of the ways well known in I the art.

Threaded upon the shaft is a collar 6 which may be fixed in position bymeans of PzClll'lI'lQ upon the shaft 1 and and. a spring 9 is interposedbetween this The periphery ot the tumbler carriage is divided intocompartments by means of radially projecting walls 10.

Within each of the compartments is laid one or more tumblers 11. Thesetumblers are L-shapcd oneof the legs 12 vbeing heavier than the other,while the other leg 13 has one end rounded, as shown, so as to turneasily about that end, and is provided with a depression 14 on its outerside. A groove 17 extending eircuiiiierentially about the arriage Saccommodates the legs rounded end of the leg 13, so as to prevent thc.same from flying outwardly,- and this cap is rat-Ulll'ml to .thc tumblervarriage by any suitable means, such, for instance, as

Prof- 'l.ho ring 4' is provided with an inclined surface 1S, which is inline with the inclined surta'ces 12 of the tumblers. A cap 15 overlapsthe loo This thrust actin a ainst the sprin 9 will L: &

cause the tumbler carriage to be moved to the right, and as this actioncontinues the ends of the tumblers will travel along the incline formedby the surfaces 18 and 19, thereby forming a wiping contact, "until theyreach the position shown in Fig. 2, when they will be in contact withthe commutator segments and those segments will be electricallyconnected-together, or short circuited, through the tumblers and thetumbler-carrying means. the speed, and

therefore'the centrifugal force, decreases, the sprin 9 will force thetumbler carriage to the is t, and the tumblers travelin in the-opposit.c direction along the inclined surfaces 18 and 19 will pass outof contact with the commutator segments, and assume the position asshown in Fig. 1.

Inasmuch 'as the tumblers are loosely placed in their carrying meansthey are free to respond promptly to the forces acting, and it animportant feature that the tumblers are divided into groups separated bywalls onthe carriage, as otherwise looseness and freedom of operation ofthe tumblers could not be obtained Without danger of their falling overand piling up on each other.

The depressions let in the tops of the tumblers preventthe restrictionof movement by coming in contact with the edge of the cap 15, and theedge of this cap may "be beveled, as shown, for the same purpose.

The pressure of the spring 9 and the friction of the parts willordinarily be found sufiicient to cause the tumblers and carrier torotate with the shaft while permitting axial movement thereof,but ifthis is found insufficient anysuitable means for preventingcircun'iferential and permitting axial anovement of the carrier, such asa splining key, may be employed.

While I have illustrated the invention in what 'is considered its. bestapplication, it may be embodied in other structures withoutdepartingfron the spirit thereof. The

invention, therefore, is not limited to the structure shown in thedrawings.

Having thus described my invention, I

declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure'by Letters Patent,is

1'. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with a rotatableshaft, of a com-' mutator thereon having an inclined face, a

uca, see

tumbler-carryingmeans slidable along said shaft but turning therewith,said means comprising a carriage having peripheral compartments and acap extending over said compartments, one or more loosely lyiug tumblersextending within each of sald compartments and beneath sald cap, each ofsaid tumblers being adapted to turn about its end and to engage saidinclined face so as to force said tumbler-carrying means along saidshalt as said tumblers move outwardly, and a spring tending to move saidcarriage in the opposite direction along said shaft.

2. The combination with a shaft, of c0ntacts arranged about said shaft,a tumblercarrying means rotating with said shaft, tumblers carried bysaid means and adapted to fly outwardly under centrifugal force andcngagewith said contacts, said means having parts extending between thetumblers and supporting said tumblers in radial position, and meanstending to hold said tumblers out of engagement with said contacts.

3. T he combination with a shaft, of contacts arranged about said shaft,a tumblercarrying means rotating with said shaft but slidablelongitudinally thereon, tumblers pivoted in saidmeans and adapted tomove outwardly to contact with said contacts, said tumbler-carryingmeans being moved along said shaft as said tumblers move outwardly, andmeans for opposing such motion of said tumbler-carrying means.

4c. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with a rotatable.shaft, of a commutator thereon, tumblers, a tumbler-carrying meansmounted upon said shaft and turning therewith, said means comprising acarriage having peripheral compartments and means for confining an endof each tumbler each tumbler being adapted to turn about its end, one ormore tumblers extending within each of said compartments, said tumblersbeing adapted'when turned about their ends to engage the segments ofsaid commutator, and means tending to hold said tumblers'out of contactwith said segments.

5. Ina dynamo electric machine, the combination with a rotatable shaft,of a commutator mounted thereon and turning therewith, tumblers, atumbler-carryin means having peripheral compartments and means for conning an end of each tumbler each tumbler being. adapted to turn aboutits end, one or more l -shaped tumblers extending within each of (saidcompartments, -sa1d tumblers being adapted to move outwardly to engagethe segments of said comsaid tumblers out segments.

mutator, and means for normally holding engagement with Sai CIi memos g:3

onours out of engagement with said con-' J said means comprising a portbearing tumblers, to actuate the some, at oted cnds of their horizontaliegs.

1:. dynamo electric machine, the comwi h :1 rotatable shaft, of acomtin-e thereon having an inace, a plurality of tumoiers n1- shout saidshaft, e tumbler carriage snie along said shaft, said tumblers have inredial and horizontal iegs and being "fed the ends of their horizontallegs Ting e the redial legs being adapted to fly outwardly under theaction of contrifugal force to engage said contacts, said tumblers insuch outward movement enga ing said inclined surface. and forcing saidcarriage along said shaft, and means tending to force said carriagealong said shaft in the opposite direction. i

8. The combination with a shaft of contacts arranged about said shaft,tumblers arranged about said'shaft and adapted to fly outwardly undercentrifugal force to engage said contacts, radial supporting partitionsextending between said tumblers, and means 35 tending to hold the saidtumblers out. of engagement with said contacts.

In testimony whereof I a flix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES STOWE RENO. Vitnes'ses L. K. Sines, THOMAS HOWE.

